The National Weather Service said the temperature in New York City's Central Park fell to -18C, a record low for the date. The last time it was below zero in Central Park was in January 1994.
"I'm dumb enough to do this," exclaimed John Male before starting 19km park run with two companions.
"I just always come out and I just decided not to do anything differently" - except to wear a furry tiger hat with two tails over his normal headgear, in addition to four layers of clothing.
Boston reached -23C, breaking the record set in 1934 -18.5C. It reached -26.5C in Worcester, Massachusetts, breaking the 1979 record of -24C. Providence hit -23C and Hartford -24.5C, also breaking records from 1979, while in Montpelier, Vermont, the overnight temperature hit -28.5C, tying a record set in 2003.
Temperatures were so low in some spots they knocked out utilities.
The cold kept many people inside. In a New Jersey bagel shop that's usually brimming with customers, Joe Weir was among a small handful of people who sat drinking coffee.
Temperatures were expected to climb before a winter storm already bringing snow to the Midwest moved into the region.